human blockchain patent

Now coming to the part that we have stored for you in this article. 14. To achieve the objective, we analyzed the patent filing trends of these industries at the USPTO. Increasingly, as computational power is added to the Bitcoin system, the Bitcoin blockchain architecture consumes more energy. With a market cap of $6.8 trillion, Nasdaq, the worlds second-biggest stock exchange, is one of the most important blockchain adopters on our list. Human input devices include input/output devices such as a mouse, keyboard, microphone, camera, stylus, touchscreen, and other similar input/output devices. Additionally, Mastercard has developed technology to speed up cryptocurrency transactions. In 2017, financial institutions like Bank of America, Mastercard, and Fidelity dominated blockchain patent filings. These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer readable medium that, when executed, may direct a computer, other programmable data processing apparatus, or other devices to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions, when stored in the computer readable medium, produce an article of manufacture comprising instructions which, when executed, cause a computer to implement the function/act specified in the flowchart and/or block diagram block or blocks. Patent trolls often acquire ownership over a patent when a company fails and liquidates its IP assets, their business model is to use hardball legal tactics to then enforce this patent and make money. 7. Instead of relying on a middleman/third party, it stores, corroborates, and transfers data over a distributed network, thus providing security and reliability in a cost-efficient manner. For example, some embodiments may increase the number of puzzles in the set for a given round as the number of participants in the network increases. Thus, in order to have his or her fraudulent efforts be successful, user C must rehash and rebuild all of the subsequent blocks in the chain, and overtake the blockchain by at least a block, thereby leveraging the longest-chain-rule in the network protocol to cause nodes to adopt the fraudulent chain. For example, a website viewer may solve one or more of the CAPTCHA puzzles from the trusted source and the website content provider may be rewarded with the newly minted coin from the blockchain. There are many techniques for varying the amount of work, and thus the complexity of the puzzles, in the embodiments described herein. These numbers demonstrate that there are several major companies dedicated . These are the top three countries where most of the blockchain developments are expected in future. Many of the blockchain start-ups that we have worked with only began to file patents after 2017. Yet other nodes are users participating in the blockchain network through some end-user functionality and may provide data to store or record in the blockchain. Human-solved puzzles as proof-of-work for blockchain. In this example, chain 1 has a length of nine blocks, whereas chain 2 has a length of 7 blocks. If a blockchain patent application is not directed to any of these categories, it will most likely be patent-eligible. CAPTCHA puzzles often have variations of valid solutions. 6. This will bring about true . Its hard to say exactly how many cryptocurrency patents were filed by China due to issues in data transparency, Morelix added. Referring now to FIG. As explained above, the proof-of-work system described herein and within the scope of the present disclosure may implement a proof-of-work requirement for generation and creation of blocks on a blockchain, and therefore requires investment of human power for every block. TechBusinessHQ is a platform about business insights, Tech, News, SEO, 4IR, digital transformation, AI, Blockchain, Cybersecurity, and social media for businesses. Some nodes include various interface devices such as human-interface devices through which human-input is obtained and processed. The top ten countries or jurisdictions in the blockchain patent space are China, the United States, Korea, EPO, PCT, Japan, Taiwan, Singapore, Canada, and Australia. 1. There are two main types of blockchain patents: cryptocurrency and blockchain specific. As FIG. The proof-of-work function and corresponding blockchain architecture described herein may leverage human effort as proof-of-work required for each block on the blockchain. Tech companies like IBM and Coinbase alsoacquired significant intellectual property. . For example, nodes may be selected by the starting digits of their representative public key, or selected from the public key of active wallets in the previous block, or selected from active wallets with a balance above a determined threshold. The computational power and energy consumption required to solve complex cryptographic hashing puzzles as proof-of-work is expensive. Among the requirements for obtaining a U.S. patent is that the subject matter of a patent application must . A proof-of-work may describe the piece of data that is difficult, costly, and/or time consuming to produce or discover, but easy for others to verify. Continuing with the example above with user C overtaking the blockchain by creating blocks faster than the honest miners on the network, consider if the example blockchain used the Bitcoin proof-of-work function. Blockchain is one of most hyped technology in recent times, and patent protection for blockchain based innovations will have a high degree of impact on projects covering smart contracts, cryptocurrency (Bitcoin), distributed ledger, financial technology (FinTech) products and supply chain management. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of the computer readable storage medium would comprise the following: a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or Flash memory), an appropriate optical fiber with a repeater, a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. Other nodes, without knowing the value of key x, are able to verify that the solver has in fact solved the puzzle by decrypting the message with the public key distributed with the puzzle corresponding to the private key x. A new era of human potential in which machines empower human creativity Supports global job markets at scale Operates across multiple chains Empowers distributed workforces Enables a new generation of AI and ML Automatic and secure HUMAN Developers Yet other nodes are users participating in the blockchain network through some end-user functionality and may provide data to store or record in the blockchain. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:VERSTEEG, STEVEN CORNELIS;BIRD, JOHN SINCLAIR;HASTINGS, NATHAN ALLIN;AND OTHERS;SIGNING DATES FROM 20180320 TO 20180324;REEL/FRAME:045396/0534, Free format text: The non-transitory computer readable storage medium of claim 11, wherein each of the plurality of computing-resistant puzzles is signed by a trusted puzzle generator. Japan with 108, South Korea with 87, and China with. Thus, the Bitcoin blockchain architecture not only is built upon and leverages immense power consumption, it requires it as proof-of-work to economically deter corruption or fraudulent manipulation of the blockchain. 11, block 330 indicates that both user A (Alice) and user B (Bob) were rewarded with new coin for solving puzzles P1 and P2 respectively. With the puzzles distributed across the blockchain network, humans may view the list or vector of CAPTCHA puzzles available to be solved in the current round. Initially, it may seem strange that data collecting leviathans like Google and Facebook havent taken over blockchain. In such embodiments, the protocol may randomly select nodes to generate puzzles based on the hash of the previous block. Unsurprisingly, many companies are keen to protect their blockchain developments via patents. In this example, chain 305 and fraudulent block 310 would be orphaned, and no other users would attempt to build on that branch of the chain, i.e., on top of block 310, because it is not part of the longest chain. Proof-of-work systems make it difficult to create valid blocks and thus more difficult to recreate and rebuild blocks by requiring significant amounts of work be spent and expended to create a block. First, a trusted source generates a private key, denoted x in this example. The other category that is most common is decentralized business solutions implemented over the Blockchain. In 2017 alone, American companies filed 190 blockchain patents according toStartup Genome, a startup research organization. The block data of block, In a properly implemented blockchain however, User C's attempt should fail because the blockchain security mechanisms would detect block, Thus, to effectively tamper with the blocks in a blockchain, each block following the tampered block must be rebuilt and rehashed, and the contents of the previous-block-hashes replaced with the new hash values to, in effect, build a new chain. Owner name: Other U.S. companies such as Bank of America and Mastercard have also filed multiple patent applications other than Alibaba and IBM, which reached the list of Blockchain-related patents, exceeding the total for the U.S. For this reason, blockchain will be worth over $700 billion by 2021. According to an aspect of the present disclosure, a method includes identifying a set of computing-resistant puzzles and receiving human-input proposed solutions to at least a subset of the puzzles. 2, a block 250 may include, for example, an index value, a timestamp, block data, a hash value of the block itself, and a hash value of the previous block in the blockchain. Cryptographic hash functions take an input and return a fixed size value or string. This is a vow not to use patents against companies with fewer than 25 employees. The number of issued blockchain patents is likely due in part to the lengthy time lag between when an application is filed and when a patent is issued (currently averaging 23.2 months). 10. CAPTCHA puzzles vary in complexity and thus can be used to vary the amount of work required. While developing their business-focused blockchain technology, IBM has also filed a record number of patents. Until they have their own cryptocurrency wallet and a way to charge customers fees, Bank of America will do its best to dissuade their customers from using crypto. Typically, the proof-of-work puzzles are asymmetric in that they are difficult to find a solution or solve, but easy to verify the solution once it has been found. In such an embodiment, if the majority of the network does not trust the source, then puzzles generated, distributed, or signed by that source will not be considered or solved by the nodes, according to the protocol administering the blockchain. FIG. Proof-of-work protects the integrity of the blockchain database by requiring, for example, expenditure and investment of computational power and energy to achieve consensus across the distributed blockchain database. Network 105 may be a Bluetooth network, a Wifi network, cellular network, local area network, wide area network, storage area network, virtual private network, personal area network, or other type of network. In October 2018, IBM launched its blockchain-based, global food tracking network and in Feb 2019, completed a trial to track a shipment of oranges from China to Singapore. 3, and broadcast its chain including the fraudulent transaction to the blockchain network, thereby attempting to trick nodes into accepting the chain containing the fraudulent block 240. CAPTCHA is an acronym for Completely Automated Public Turing test to tell Computers and Humans Apart. CAPTCHA puzzles may be a type of challenge-response test with characteristics making it difficult for a computer to solve without human input, and are widely used to determine whether or not a user seeking to access a resource is a human. Alibaba has registered more than 200 patents, while IBM filed a little over 100 patents. A network 105 of distributed nodes is illustrated in FIG. Japan with 108, South Korea with 87, and China with 77 patents in total are the remainder of the top six. Therefore, the proof-of-work required in the Bitcoin system requires not only calculating a block's hash value, but making sure the calculated hash is below a certain number. In other words, a blockchain is a type of database. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular aspects only and is not intended to be limiting of the disclosure. Japan with 108, South Korea with 87, and China with. 11. A search for the term "blockchain" in the Patentscope database, applying filters . The patent suggests using body heat, fluids, or brainwaves to validate blockchain transactions and award users with digital currency such as Bitcoin. The computational power and energy consumption required to solve complex cryptographic hashing puzzles as proof-of-work is expensive. Today, the blockchain market for patents is constantly growing and is forecasted to reach 703 million USD by 2025, rising from 228 million USD in 2020 at a CAGR of 25.3%. Here, you can see where we've been, and where we're headed. These embodiments may represent the distributed consensus upon which blockchain technology requires by each of the nodes validating and expressing agreement that the solutions to each puzzle of the current round are in fact correct or valid solutions to the respective puzzles.

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