semiconductor patents by country

Fair dealing with a work with acknowledgement for the purposes of quotation, criticism or review or, unless the work is a photograph, for the purposes of news reporting (s.30); Fair dealing with a work for the purposes of caricature, parody or pastiche (s.30A); Incidental inclusion of copyright material in another work (s.31); Public reading or recital by a single person with acknowledgement (s.59); Copying and distribution of copies of the abstracts of scientific and technical articles (s.60); Recordings of folk songs for archives (s.61); Photographs, graphic works, films or broadcasts of buildings and sculptures in a public place (s.62) (see. 3233, Copyright and Related Rights Regulations 1996 No. PAYMENT OF MAINTENANCE FEE, 4TH YEAR, LARGE ENTITY (ORIGINAL EVENT CODE: M1551); ENTITY STATUS OF PATENT OWNER: LARGE ENTITY, Free format text: In an FCBGA package, the die is mounted upside-down (flipped) and connects to the package balls via a package substrate that is similar to a printed-circuit board rather than by wires. Even the US adheres to the One China policy and hasnt recognised Taiwan as an independent country. An output stage configuration with four configurable input/output terminals and four switches is specified. Electronic design automation (EDA), also referred to as electronic computer-aided design (ECAD),[58] is a category of software tools for designing electronic systems, including integrated circuits. [98], To allow identification during production, most silicon chips will have a serial number in one corner. Because the P-type layer is thin, the energy Eh, required to cause holes to enter the layer, is small. 2) Order 1989 No. They are believed to be distributed with fair uniformity in depth to a certain distance, beyond which the material is electrically neutral, because the bound positive charges are balanced by equal negative (electron) charges. It allowed radio receivers to have a single tube holder. The earliest integrated circuits were packaged in ceramic flat packs, which continued to be used by the military for their reliability and small size for many years. Ohl.) 5X10- Power Gain 42 36 Input Bias D. C. (volt +0.2 +0. The other, termed the emitter, preferably makes rectifier contact with the body of the block also. the first and second input/output terminals are configured to operate as input terminals and are configured to be connected to a common node receiving a supply potential; one end of the inductor is configured to be connected to the short-circuited third and fourth input/output terminals, and another end of the inductor is configured to be connected, in series with a load element and in parallel with the decoupling capacitor. 7779); the right to object to derogatory treatment of work (ss. 30. A translating device according to claim 28 in which said load is included between said two rectifier contacts. Recording for the purposes of time-shifting (s.70); Free public showing of broadcasts (s.72); Provision of subtitled copies of broadcasts for the handicapped by designated bodies (s.74); Recording of broadcasts for archival purposes (s.75). A pulse controller for controlling the energization and regenerative braking of a DC electric motor. PATENTED CASE, Owner name: This fixes the work retrospectively from the moment the work was created. Transistor 32 provides control during non-regenerative braking, transistor 33 controls slow speed drive, and transistor 34 controls high speed drive. Before a magistrates' Court, the penalties for distributing unauthorised files are a maximum fine of 5,000 and/or six months imprisonment; royalties for rental of sound recordings, films or computer programs; licences made available as of right under s.144 (powers of the, the refusal of a performer to give consent under his, royalties under the perpetual copyright of ". Browse our listings to find jobs in Germany for expats, including jobs for English speakers or those in your native language. Long-term growth. 8. When an electric motor is regeneratively braked under the control of a pulse controller, the motor speed falls and eventually the electronic switch remains fully conductive. in the second operating state wherein the output stage is arranged in a second electrical configuration different from the first configuration. 1303, The Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 (Commencement No. This situation is depicted in Fig. The works of the United Nations and its specialised agencies and of the Organisation of American States are protected for fifty years after creation (s.168, Copyright (International Organisations) Order1989 No. A system-on-a-chip (SoC or SOC) is an integrated circuit in which all the components needed for a computer or other system are included on a single chip. 28. States should not allow patents to restrict development and use of software on general-purpose computers, but in those that do, we wish to avoid the special danger that patents applied to a free program could make it effectively proprietary. Fortune - Fortune 500 Daily & Breaking Business News | Fortune The use or broadcast of recordings without the performer's consent (s.183) and the import or distribution of illicit recordings (s.184) are also infringements of the performer's rights. A junction of this sort is called a rectifying contact. 1; Fig. On the other hand, the current from the emitter to the layer is extremely sensitive to variations of the emitter potential, so that the impedance of the emitter circult is low. 35. The inventionwill be fully apprehended from the following detailed description of one embodiment thereof, taken in connection with the appended drawings, in which: Fig. A paid subscription is required for full access. The greenhouse gases are typically in the earth's stratosphere at an altitude of seven to thirteen kilometers. With RFAB2, TI Bumping Up Analog Chip Production . Dummer presented the idea to the public at the Symposium on Progress in Quality Electronic Components in Washington,D.C. on 7 May 1952. The early integrated circuits were SSI. [95], Wafer-scale integration (WSI) is a means of building very large integrated circuits that uses an entire silicon wafer to produce a single "super-chip". Multiple developments were required to achieve this increased density. This pulls the demand signal at terminal 79 more negative, i.e. STATUS CHANGE-ENTITY IN LIQUIDATION;ASSIGNOR:ST-ERICSSON SA;REEL/FRAME:037739/0493, Owner name: If regenerative braking was initiated without the switch 5 being fully conductive, the build up of current could follow the path shown in dotted lines in FIG. At Panasonic, we bring together complementary expertise across technologies and industries to give our partners a competitive edge, and improve the way we all live and work. 3, terminals 25 and 26 correspond to the output and input respectively of the gate firing circuit 14 of FIG. An output stage configuration with four configurable input/output terminals and four switches is specified. Shenzhen-based Huawei owns most of the 5G patents and faces a concerted US effort to block its expansion. MOSFET scaling technology made it possible to build high-density chips. Patents The design right lasts for fifteen years after the design is recorded in a document, or for ten years if articles have been made available for sale (s.216). 1175, Copyright, etc. 4), Zener diode 64, terminal 65 and terminal 66 (FIG. 8 shows the same compound motor with its circuit switched for regenerative braking. 676, The Copyright (International Organisations) Order 1989 No. Regulations 2006, Directive 2006/115/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 12 December 2006 on rental right and lending right and on certain rights related to copyright in the field of intellectual property, National Health Service and Community Care Act 1990, Judicial Pensions and Retirement Act 1993, Criminal Justice and Public Order Act 1994, Copyright, etc. Thus, as the length of the "mark" period increases, the length of the "space" period decreases. A method is described for reducing atmospheric or global warming resulting from the presence of heat-trapping gases in the atmosphere, i.e., from the greenhouse effect. The ideal entry-level account for individual users. 1) opens. Motorola GNU General Public License The duration of copyright under the 1988 Act does not depend on the initial owner of the copyright, nor on the country of origin of the work. As metaloxidesemiconductor (MOS) technology progressed, millions and then billions of MOS transistors could be placed on one chip,[80] and good designs required thorough planning, giving rise to the field of electronic design automation, or EDA. 5) via terminal 87. A physiological saline solution containing graphene dispersed therein according to the present invention and a A physiological saline solution containing graphene dispersed therein according to the present invention and a Integrated circuit The seeding of the stratosphere occurs within this layer. When this happens the motor is either stopped or moving only very slowly, and in conventional systems it has been necessary for the controller operator to wait for the motor to stop and then to switch the controller to its normal drive condition before continuing with normal driving. Preferably the controller is operated in response to the actuation of a single lever which operates forward and reverse contacts and also switches the controller to its regenerative braking condition when moved through a neutral position to reverse the contacts. Fig. Semiconductor The existing common law defences to copyright infringement, notably fair dealing and the public interest defence, are not affected (s.171), although many of the statutory permitted acts would also qualify under one of the common law defences: the defence of statutory authority is specifically maintained in section50. In this case the layer is believed to be chemical rather than physical. (e.g., by being teachers or governors). 14. For instance, in a sixth embodiment of the first aspect, in the second operating state, the output stage may further comprise a first and second inductor and a first and second decoupling capacitor, wherein: Advantageously, this embodiment may allow creating a double DCDC, comprising a buck configuration, and a boost configuration. Current flows via terminal 62 (FIG. During regenerative braking the switch 4 is open. The grid is supposed, by exerting an elec- 40 Claims. An immediate commercial use of his patent has not been reported. 14. This vacuum manipulation will allow the use of a new form of propulsion, and has applications in energy production and on the change of the time decay of radioactive elements. The provisions on copyright, rights in performances and design right came into force on 1 August 1989, while the registration of patent agents and trade mark agents came into force on 13 August 1990. If, now, the collector is biased in the reverse direction relative to the body, most of the drop from the high voltage on the electrode occurs in the immediate vicinity of the collector, so that the impedance of the collector circuit is high. privilege of their communications with clients from disclosure in court. Such an acceptance leaves a gap or hole in the filled band. Charles Proteus Steinmetz (born Karl August Rudolph Steinmetz, April 9, 1865 October 26, 1923) was a German-born American mathematician and electrical engineer and professor at Union College.He fostered the development of alternating current that made possible the expansion of the electric power industry in the United States, formulating mathematical US2524035A - Three-electrode circuit element utilizing semiconductive materials - Google Patents Three-electrode circuit element utilizing semiconductive materials Download PDF Info Publication number 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 70; 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 29; Examples include Intel's DECT cordless phone, or 802.11 (Wi-Fi) chips created by Atheros and other companies.[63]. The predetermined limit has to take account of this "worst case" possibility and accordingly much of the potential benefit of regenerative braking is lost particularly when braking at a low speed when the limit is reached very quickly. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:SIRITO-OLIVIER, PHILIPPE;MILAZZO, PATRIZIA;NAGARI, ANGELO;SIGNING DATES FROM 20130527 TO 20130531;REEL/FRAME:036991/0781, Owner name: To prevent this happening, an overvoltage detector circuit 24 compares the battery voltage with the generated voltage by sensing the voltage across diode 9. 3297. Assignors: NAGARI, ANGELO, MILAZZO, PATRIZIA, SIRITO-OLIVIER, PHILIPPE, Assigned to ST-ERICSSON SA, EN LIQUIDATION, Assigned to OPTIS CIRCUIT TECHNOLOGY, LLC, Assignors: ST-ERICSSON SA, EN LIQUIDATION, Assigned to TELEFONAKTIEBOLAGET L M ERICSSON (PUBL). Fig. The Minuteman missile program and various other United States Navy programs accounted for the total $4 million integrated circuit market in 1962, and by 1968, U.S. Government spending on space and defense still accounted for 37% of the $312 million total production. 16 is a three dimensional representation of the conditions which the holes encounter in the course of their travel in the layer from the emitter to the collectorin the figure, parallel with the Y axis. 25. In another example, when a high loudness is required, e.g. As of 2018[update], the vast majority of all transistors are MOSFETs fabricated in a single layer on one side of a chip of silicon in a flat two-dimensional planar process. The essential tech news of the moment. The greenhouse gases layer typically extends between about seven and thirteen kilometers above the earth's surface. The greater the magnitude of the input to current generator 15, the lower is the mark space ratio of the pulses provided by the gate firing circuit. Panasonic In combination with apparatus as defined in claim 6, means for biasing the emitter electrode with respect to said semiconductive layer in a sense to supply charges thereto of the sign for which the layer is conductive, and means for biasing the collector electrode to collect charges of the same sign. However, in the United Kingdom the Crown claims a perpetual right under the royal prerogative.This right which is separate from copyright is a remnant of the Crown's historical monopoly over all printing and publishing in the United Kingdom. The economic growth rate is calculated from data on GDP estimated by countries' statistical agencies.The rate of growth of GDP per capita is calculated from data on GDP and people for the initial and final periods included in the analysis of the analyst.. Such mixed-signal circuits offer smaller size and lower cost, but must account for signal interference. This high initial cost means ICs are only commercially viable when high production volumes are anticipated. MERGER;ASSIGNOR:HE HOLDINGS, INC. DBA HUGHES ELECTRONICS;REEL/FRAME:016116/0506. 14 shows the potential distribution, for positive holes, within a P-type semiconductor in contact with a' metal. 1. Gartner. 13. 1099, Copyright (Material Open to Public Inspection) (Marking of Copies of Plans and Drawings) Order 1990 No. The King James Version of the Bible and the Book of Common Prayer are in the public domain in most of the world. The Crown may make copies of works which are submitted to it for official purposes (s.48). in the second operating state wherein the output stage is arranged in a second electrical configuration different from the first configuration, and, a first control apparatus, a control stage of the first control apparatus being connected to the output stage; or to. 29. At the start of regenerative braking, if the gate firing circuit is operative immediately so as to supply the selected mark/space ratio to the switch 5, the build up of current is delayed. A circuit element which comprises a block of semiconductive material of which the body is of one conductivity type while a thin surface layer is of the opposite conductivity type, an emitter electrode making contact with the surface layer, a collector electrode making contact with the surface layer and disposed to collect current spreading from the emitter electrode, a base electrode making contact with the body of the block, an input circuit including a source connected to the base electrode and to the emitter electrode, respectively, and an output circuit including a load connected to the base electrode and to the collector electrode, respectively. 'ith the surface of the block be large as compared with the layer thickness. The main process steps are supplemented by doping and cleaning. Silicon is another such material. Whereas maximum current limiting circuitry is normally provided for system protection during normal motor driving and is available for use during regenerative braking, additional circuitry has been required heretofore to limit the minimum current. 11 shows another modified unit of the invention connected for operation in a grounded plate or cathode follower circuit; Fig; 12 shows the unit of the invention connected for self-sustained oscillation; Fig. 31. This statistic is not included in your account. But when the mechanical force on the contact point is increased to 10 grams or so and the voltage applied to it is raised to A volt or so, the rectifier characteristic is observed suddenly to shift from P-type to N-type. US2524035A - Three-electrode circuit element utilizing semiconductive materials - Google Patents Three-electrode circuit element utilizing semiconductive materials Download PDF Info Publication number 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 70; 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 29; The Act simplifies the different categories of work which are protected by copyright, eliminating the specific treatment of engravings and photographs. 1517, The Copyright (Gibraltar) Order 2005 No. If section 56(2) of the Bill is enacted then artistic works that are mass-produced by the copyright holder will benefit from the same period of protection as those not replicated in large numbers. This is the web site of the International DOI Foundation (IDF), a not-for-profit membership organization that is the governance and management body for the federation of Registration Agencies providing Digital Object Identifier (DOI) services and registration, and is the registration authority for the ISO standard (ISO 26324) for the DOI system. 16 is a diagram showing the variation of the potential distribution of curve I) of Fig. the first control apparatus wherein the control stage of the first control apparatus is connected to the output stage; and. Combining Equations 14 and 15, the relationship of Equation 16 is obtained. Because each feature is so small, electron microscopes are essential tools for a process engineer who might be debugging a fabrication process. la, it is preferred that the area of contact of each of the two point electrodes . Very-large-scale integration was made practical by technological advancements in metaloxidesilicon (MOS) semiconductor device fabrication. [19][18] It was a new variety of integrated circuit, more practical than Kilby's implementation. However, in the United Kingdom the Crown claims a perpetual right under the royal prerogative.This right which is separate from copyright is a remnant of the Crown's historical monopoly over all printing and publishing in the United Kingdom. one end of the first inductor is configured to be connected to the third input/output terminal and another end of the first inductor is configured to be connected, in series with a first load element and in parallel with the first decoupling capacitor; one end of the second inductor is configured to be connected to the fourth input/output terminal and another end of the second inductor is configured to be connected, in series with a second load element and in parallel with the second decoupling capacitor. The emitter and collector electrodes make contact with this surface layer sufficiently close together for mutual influence in the manner described above. US case filed in International Trade Commission, https://portal.unifiedpatents.com/litigation/International%20Trade%20Commission/case/337-TA-1300, Jurisdiction: International Trade Commission, Application filed by Optis Circuit Technology LLC. An electrode of inert metal, such as silver, is dipped into the liquid without touching the surface of the block, and is connected to a negative battery terminal of about 22.5 volts. An output stage adapted to operate in at least a first operating state and a second operating state, the output stage comprising: a first, a second, a third and a fourth configurable input/output terminals; and. Three-electrode circuit element utilizing This would delay the start of regenerative braking and hence increase the energy lost in resistor 13 as the motor current builds up. This results in circuits that are orders of magnitude smaller, faster, and less expensive than those constructed of discrete electronic components. The block is placed, plated side down, on a metal bed-plate which is connected to the positive terminal of a source of voltage such as a battery, and that part of the upper (unplated) surface which is to be treated is covered with polymerized glycol boriborate, or other preferably viscous electrolyte in which germanium dioxide is insoluble. 3) is provided by transistor 78 (FIG. FIG. 33. The name is taken from the term Very-Large-Scale Integration, the current state of the art when WSI was being developed.[96]. There they are picked up by the collector 6 to appear as a current in an external load circuit 8, 9 connected to the collector 6. 5, symmetrically disposed about the emitter 5. However, in general usage integrated circuit has come to refer to the single-piece circuit construction originally known as a monolithic integrated circuit, often built on a single piece of silicon.[2][3]. As the generator receives a "full conduction" demand signal the switch 5 stays closed until the motor current reaches a level at which regenerative braking can occur. Referring now to FIG. The greater the thickness of the P-type layer, the more the terminus of this curve falls below the Fermi level, i. e., the greater the magnitude of Eh, and the greater the difiiculty for holes to leave the metal of the emitter and enter the semiconductor. US20120092107A1 - Propulsion system using the A diode 89 and resistor 90 couple the capacitor voltage to the terminal 25 such that the switch 5 (FIG. 5), terminal 63 (FIG. Works may be performed in educational establishments without infringing copyright, provided that no members of the public are present (s.34): the parents of pupils are considered members of the public unless they have some other connection with the establishment there are different things too. In preferred embodiments, field coils of a magnetic circuit are energized with DC drive current that creates homopolar flux within the 15. An inductor-alternator provides highly efficient conversion between mechanical and electrical energy. 195, 204): holders in rights in performances may also seize such copies (s.196). The current required to turn transistor 20 is dependent upon the voltage provided by resistors 40, 41 to the base of transistor 38 as the greater the forward bias on the base/emitter junction of transistor 38 the more positive is the voltage applied to the emitter of transistor 37. Thus any increase in that component of the collector current which originates at the emitter is accompanied by a corresponding increase in the other component of the collector current, namely, in the flow of electrons to the base electrode. You Still Can't Vote by Text or Tweet. A performer has the exclusive right to authorise the recording and/or broadcast of his performances (s.182). In particular, the central part of the ingot is of N-type material capable of withstanding a back voltage," in the sense in wh ch this term is employed in the rectifier art, of 100-200 volts. A pulse controller for controlling the energization and regenerative braking of a DC electric motor. Referring initially to FIG. FCBGA packages allow an array of input-output signals (called Area-I/O) to be distributed over the entire die rather than being confined to the die periphery. All other countries of origin whose works qualified for United Kingdom copyright under the UK Copyright Act 1911, also known as the Imperial Copyright Act of 1911, or the 1956 Acts continue to qualify under this Act (para. The comparator 19 passes the greater of its two inputs to the current generator circuit 15 which in turn passes a current inversely proportional to its input to the gate firing circuit 14. [51][52][53][54][55] Alternatively, approaches such as 3D NAND stack multiple layers on a single die. For the electronics magazine, see, "Microchip" redirects here. In fact, depending on the user's need and due to its high power and high efficiency, a Class-D amplifier may provide different levels of loudness. The following regulations were made under the European Communities Act 1972 in order to implement European Union directives in UK law. A detector current related signal thus appears at terminals 43. Copyright is not infringed by anything done for the purposes of parliamentary or judicial proceedings or for the purposes of a Royal Commission or statutory inquiry (ss.

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