luxembourg official languages french

[34] That pressure was seen as an important sign by some of the evolving nature of the Parliament and its ability to make the Commission accountable, rather than being a rubber stamp for candidates. The favored access to MEPs which the organization running the secretariat enjoys can be one explanation to the multiplication of Intergroups in the 1990s. [41] In most cases this passively forces expats to learn French instead of Luxembourgish. [90], Equatorial Guinea is home to gorillas, chimpanzees, various monkeys, leopards, buffalo, antelope, elephants, hippopotamuses, crocodiles, and various snakes, including pythons. King in 1930. It was a consultative assembly of 78 appointed parliamentarians drawn from the national parliaments of member states, having no legislative Henry Morton Stanley had labeled Fernando P "a jewel which Spain did not polish" for refusing to enact such a policy. Of all the languages of Russia, Russian, the most widely spoken language, is the only official language at the national level.There are 35 languages which are considered official languages in various regions of Russia, along with Russian. [145][146] As of 2009[update], approximately 40% of the population subscribed to mobile telephone services. A separate Assembly was introduced during negotiations on the Treaty as an institution which would counterbalance and monitor the executive while providing democratic legitimacy. As of February2016[update], Obiang is Africa's second-longest serving dictator after Cameroon's Paul Biya. The languages of Italy include Italian, which serves as the country's national language, in its standard and regional forms, as well as numerous local and regional languages, most of which, like Italian, belong to the broader Romance group.The majority of languages often labeled as regional are distributed in a continuum across the regions' administrative boundaries, with speakers from The Committee meets annually to evaluate nominations proposed by States Parties to the 2003 Convention and decide whether or not to inscribe those cultural practices and expressions of intangible heritage on the Conventions Lists. [106][107] All recorded votes, along with minutes and legislation, are recorded in the Official Journal of the European Union and can be accessed online. The pursuit of happiness and wellbeing is the cornerstone of Arubas approach. Languages of Russia Sometimes, the Liberal Group is then in the pivotal position. The procedure which has slowly become dominant is the "ordinary legislative procedure" (previously named "codecision procedure"), which provides an equal footing between Parliament and Council. Bemba 33.4%, Nyanja 14.7%, Tonga 11.4%, Lozi 5.5%, Chewa 4.5%, Nsenga 2.9%, Tumbuka 2.5%, Lunda (North Western) 1.9%, Kaonde 1.8%, Lala 1.8%, Lamba 1.8%, English (official) 1.7%, Luvale 1.5%, Mambwe 1.3%, Namwanga 1.2%, Lenje 1.1%, Bisa 1%, other 9.7%, unspecified 0.2% (2010 est. Along with French, it is an official language of the Brussels-Capital Region. French is an official language in 29 independent nations. [173], Directly elected parliament of the European Union, For the body of the Council of Europe, see, The composition of the European Parliament with regard to percental share of deputies for each political group, 1979 to 2019. French is one of three official languages of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, alongside German and Luxembourgish, the natively spoken language of Luxembourg. The language of instruction in public primary school is German. Languages The prize consists in an award of 20,000 euros and the very first winner will be revealed in October 2021. [138] There are now 51 model schools whose active pedagogy will be a national reform. [34][35], Additionally, some local media have argued that the Luxembourgish language is at risk of disappearing, and that it should be considered an endangered language. As of 2018, 98% of the population was able to speak French at more or less a high level (usually as a As a standard form of the Moselle Franconian language, The US Agency for International Development entered into a memorandum of understanding (MOU) with Obiang, in April 2006, to establish a social development Fund in the country, implementing projects in the areas of health, education, women's affairs and the environment. Another 100,000 Equatorial Guineans went to Cameroon, Gabon, and Nigeria because of the dictatorship of Francisco Macas Nguema. [126] Also Intergroups are established or renewed at the beginning of each legislature through a specific process. Presidency of the Council of the European Union Spanish is not spoken much in Annobn. must be in the official language of the region or community. We get where youre coming from. Indeed, for much of its life it has been dominated by a grand coalition of the European People's Party and the Party of European Socialists. Both the Brussels and Strasbourg hemicycle roughly follow this layout with only minor differences. Macas resolved to travel to the UN to bolster international awareness of the issue, and his firebrand speeches in New York contributed to Spain naming a date for both independence and general elections. Special needs. The watchdog says the national broadcaster obeys the orders of the information ministry. [79] Obiang re-appointed Prime Minister Ignacio Milam Tang in 2010. [7], The Parliament also has a great deal of indirect influence, through non-binding resolutions and committee hearings, as a "pan-European soapbox" with the ear of thousands of Brussels-based journalists. 1 (National): "The language is used in education, work, mass media, and government at the national level." In undertaking this work, the EPRS supports and promotes parliamentary outreach to the wider public, including dialogue with relevant stakeholders in the EU's system of multi-level governance. Macias Nguema signed a preferential trade agreement and a shipping treaty with the Soviet Union. No single group has ever held a majority in Parliament. Most of the media are under state control; the private television channels, those of the Asonga group, belong to the president's family. [9], Foreign-born persons and guest workers make up almost half (47%) of the population of Luxembourg. There is dialectal variation between men and women speakers due to historical developments of the language. The presidency of the Council of the European Union is responsible for the functioning of the Council of the European Union, which is the co-legislator of the EU legislature alongside the European Parliament. The traditional demarcation line between Fang and 'Beach' (inland) ethnic groups was the village of Niefang (limit of the Fang), east of Bata. [146] In 2006, there were allegations of irregularities in the charges made by the city of Strasbourg on buildings the Parliament rented, thus further harming the case for the Strasbourg seat. Four weeks are allocated as constituency week to allow members to do exclusively constituency work. [95] There have been a number of proposals designed to attract greater public attention to the elections. Those in the northern part of Ro Muni speak Fang-Ntumu, while those in the south speak Fang-Okah; the two dialects have differences but are mutually intelligible. This movement has received strong backing from numerous figures, including Margot Wallstrm, Commission First-Vice President from 2004 to 2010, who stated that "something that was once a very positive symbol of the EU reuniting France and Germany has now become a negative symbol of wasting money, bureaucracy and the insanity of the Brussels institutions". Luxembourgish The language belongs to the Northwestern Romani dialect group. The first class of students to study the language outside of the country as undergraduate students began their studies at the 'Centre for Luxembourg Studies' at Sheffield in the academic year 20112012. With twenty-four languages, the European Parliament is the most multilingual parliament in the world[128] and the biggest employer of interpreters in the world (employing 350 full-time and 400 free-lancers when there is higher demand). [164] In defining the agreement, the European Parliament offers the parties the juridical support necessary to reach a sound, lawful agreement based on legality and equity. [27] The Annobn population, originally native to Angola, was introduced by the Portuguese via So Tom island. News English, in various dialects, is the most widely spoken language of the United Kingdom, but a number of regional languages are also spoken. No language other than Turkish shall be taught as a mother tongue to Turkish citizens at any institutions of training or education. MPP coordinator Enrique Nsolo Nzo was arrested and official state media portrayed him as planning to destabilize the country and depose the president. [120][131] Additionally, the IILP secured land from the government for the construction of Portuguese language cultural centres in Bata and Malabo. It marks another shift in power between the three central EU institutions. Land regulations issued in 19041905 favoured Spaniards, and most of the later big planters arrived from Spain after that. Aruba The EU's race problem that no one talks about", "MEPs follow UK's lead to promote gender equality", "No guarantee EP will back Treaty of Nice", "Budgetary control: 1996 discharge raises issue of confidence in the Commission", "Background Information: Election of the European Commission", "New rules to make it harder for MEPs to form political groups", "Maastricht Treaty 15 years on: birth of the "European Union", "Rules of Procedure of the European Parliament. There are also five shortwave radio stations. Languages of Russia In 1999 the system was changed to a form of proportional representation where a large group of candidates stand for a post within a very large regional constituency. A small scale treaty amendment was ratified on 29 November 2011. In addition to that, he firmly stated that he was not affiliated with any political party. [122], The Parliament has 20 Standing Committees consisting of 25 to 73 MEPs each (reflecting the political make-up of the whole Parliament) including a chair, a bureau and secretariat. [43], Further fears of Luxembourgish's replacement by French were fueled in 2021 when ASTI (Association de Soutien aux Travailleurs Immigrs) wished to see Luxembourgish removed as the national language of Luxembourg (as written in the constitution), claiming that the national language of Luxembourg should by law be defined as the one that is most used in the local population, hinting that French would be the better choice. The European Union (EU) has 24 official languages, of which three English, French and German have the higher status of "procedural" languages of the European Commission (whereas the European Parliament accepts all official languages as working languages). The two major parties tend to co-operate to find a compromise between their two groups leading to proposals endorsed by huge majorities. Dutch is the most spoken primary language of Belgium and the official language of the Flemish Community and the Flemish Region (merged to Flanders). In 2006, Forbes estimated his personal wealth at $600 million.[59]. It is similar to Mosel-Frankish dialects like the dialects in Germany bordering Luxembourg, and the dialects in Moselle, France. [4] Despite this, Luxembourg takes part in the annual meetings of German-speaking countries. This is because the length of the vote is unpredictable and if it continues for longer than allocated it can disrupt other debates and meetings later in the day. MEPs didn't manage to get everything they demanded. [55] Apart from allegedly committing genocide against the ethnic minority Bubi people, Macias Nguema ordered the deaths of thousands of suspected opponents, closed down churches and presided over the economy's collapse as skilled citizens and foreigners fled the country. Campaigns were mounted to subdue the Fang people in the 1920s, at the time that Liberia was beginning to cut back on recruitment. Much like English, Flemish dialects have adopted more French and other Romance vocabulary through mutual cultural exchange throughout history when compared with other Dutch dialects. Languages of Belgium However, Parliament secured only an observer seat. [31] Without Spanish permission, the British moved the headquarters of the Mixed Commission for the Suppression of Slave Traffic to Fernando P in 1827, before moving it back to Sierra Leone under an agreement with Spain in 1843. Of the inhabitants of Belgium, roughly 59% belong to the Flemish Community, 40% to the French Community, and 1% to the German-speaking Community. While Dutch and Papiamento are our official languages, most Arubans also speak English and Spanish. For its sessions the assembly, and later the parliament, until 1999 convened in the same premises as the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe: the House of Europe[23] [58], The legislative branch officially holds the Union's budgetary authority with powers gained through the Budgetary Treaties of the 1970s and the Lisbon Treaty. [117] Equatorial Guinea received Asians and native Africans from other countries as workers on cocoa and coffee plantations. Fernando P and Annobn were colonized by Portugal in 1474. ", "Interview: Graham Watson, leader of group of Liberal Democrat MEPs", "European Parliament elects new president", "The Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe is born", "European elections 2019: Power blocs lose grip on parliament", "Le incompatibilit (per ora rinviate per motivi di salute) che bloccano l'ingresso al Parlamento europeo", "Constitution of the 9th legislature of the European Parliament | News | European Parliament", "Jean-Claude Juncker: Experience. Equatorial Guinea ranks at position 161 out of 179 countries in the 2012 Reporters Without Borders press freedom index. The official designation for a citizen of the United Kingdom is "British citizen". It is closely related to Dutch but has more German influences. [107], Yet despite its impressive GNI figure, Equatorial Guinea is plagued by extreme poverty brought about by Wealth Inequality. Luxembourg [29] As a result of this disaster, Spain was thereafter hesitant to invest heavily in its new possession. In particular, under the procedure, the Commission presents a proposal to Parliament and the Council which can only become law if both agree on a text, which they do (or not) through successive readings up to a maximum of three. [77] Freedom House, a pro-democracy and human rights NGO, described Obiang as one of the world's "most kleptocratic living autocrats", and complained about the US government welcoming his administration and buying oil from it. The presidency is not an individual, but rather the position is held by a national government. This is a complete list of the official languages of countries and dependent territories of the world. [citation needed], The Portuguese explorer Fernando P, seeking a path to India, is credited as being the first European to see the island of Bioko, in 1472. [12], Like the other institutions, the Parliament's seat was not yet fixed. [118], During the election of a President, the previous President (or, if unable to, one of the previous Vice-Presidents) presides over the chamber. Due to the delay in ratifying the Lisbon Treaty, the seventh parliament was elected under the lower Nice Treaty cap. For those public authorities, there is extensive language legislation concerning Dutch, French and German, even though the Belgian Constitution does not explicitly mention which languages enjoy official status. Wikipedia Younger speakers tend to vocalize a word-final, All other positions: mid central vowel, more often slightly rounded, Ltzebuerg ass mi schi wi Esch. Microsoft is quietly building a mobile Xbox store that will rely on Activision and King games. Macas became president in the country's only free and fair election. Belgium has three official languages: Dutch, French and German. 67.6% of Equatorial Guineans can speak it, especially those living in the capital, Malabo. [37], The eventual treaty of Paris in 1900 left Spain with the continental enclave of Rio Muni, a mere 26,000km2 out of the 300,000 stretching east to the Ubangi river which the Spaniards had initially claimed. German language 2015. [40] That proposal has to be approved by the Parliament (by a simple majority) who "elect" the President according to the treaties. Language World Africa Americas Asia Europe Oceania Countries English: 59 23 14 5 3 14 United Kingdom, United States, Nigeria, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Ireland, India, South Africa (See the full list): French: 29 21 2 - 5 1 France, Canada, Belgium, Switzerland, Madagascar, Monaco, Haiti, Vanuatu (See the full list): Arabic: 22-25* 11-13* - 11-12* Equatorial Guinea was chosen to co-host the 2012 African Cup of Nations in partnership with Gabon, and hosted the 2015 edition. A decision is an instrument which is focused at a particular person or group and is directly applicable. [78], Obiang was re-elected to serve an additional term in 2009 in an election the African Union deemed "in line with electoral law". This created a situation where during the election the ruling party's coalition did not provide the names of their candidates so effectively individuals were not running for office, instead, the party was the one running for office. [This particular 20062009 'Marshall Plan' was devised in 2004 and published in 2005 to uplift the Walloon economy. Some of the motivations for Equatorial Guinea's pursuit of membership in the Community of Portuguese Language Countries (CPLP) included access to several professional and academic exchange programmes and facilitated cross-border circulation of citizens. These are Scots and Ulster Scots and the Celtic languages, Irish, Scottish Gaelic, Welsh and, as a revived language with few speakers, Cornish. But the country is expected to return to recession in 2022, with a real GDP decline of about 4.4%. Then hit dollars, euros, pesos etc. The Committee meets annually to evaluate nominations proposed by States Parties to the 2003 Convention and decide whether or not to inscribe those cultural practices and expressions of intangible heritage on the Conventions Lists. Between 2000 and 2002, Luxembourgish linguist Jerome Lulling developed a lexical database of 185,000 word forms for the very first Luxembourgish spellchecker, thus launching the computerization of the Luxembourgish language. Tom Reid of The Washington Post, has said of the union that "nobody would have deliberately designed a government as complex and as redundant as the EU". Languages The first factories were established on the islands around 1500 as the Portuguese quickly recognized the positives of the islands including volcanic soil and disease-resistant highlands. [7], Luxembourgish is taught at pre-primary level, there is an introductory program in French since 2017/18. [76], Before 2009, members received the same salary as members of their national parliament. For the hypothetical extinct language, see. Further benches are provided between the sides of this area and the MEPs, these are taken up by the Council on the far left and the Commission on the far right. [3][143] The international TV programme RTVGE is available via satellites in Africa, Europa, and the Americas and worldwide via Internet. ), English only 78.2%, Spanish 13.4%, Chinese 1.1%, other 7.3% (2017 est. Pushed into the interior of the island and decimated by alcohol addiction, venereal disease, smallpox, and sleeping sickness, the indigenous Bubi population of Bioko refused to work on plantations. In 2006, US Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice hailed Obiang as a "good friend" despite repeated criticism of his human rights and civil liberties record. The Parliament can call other institutions to answer questions and if necessary to take them to court if they break EU law or treaties. English, in various dialects, is the most widely spoken language of the United Kingdom, but a number of regional languages are also spoken. The languages of Turkey, apart from the official language Turkish, include the widespread Kurdish (Kurmanji), the moderately prevalent minority languages Arabic and Zazaki, and a number of less common minority languages, some of which are guaranteed by the 1923 Treaty of Lausanne. [52][53] He broke off ties with Spain and the West. "), Ltzebuerg ass dee schinsten / deen allerschinsten / am schinsten. ("Luxembourg is prettier than Esch. French remains the language of legislation, due to the application of the Napoleonic civil code in Luxembourg. Therefore late empire had multiple French-language publications, and several continued to operate when the Republic of Turkey was declared in 1923. [citation needed] Low Dietsch is practically identical to the German dialect in the northern part of the neighbouring official German-speaking region of Belgium. The gifts given to numerous visiting dignitaries depend upon the President. [41], In 2021 it was announced that public announcements in Luxembourgish (and in German as well) at Luxembourg Airport would cease; it would only be using French and English for future public announcements. German language On 2 July 2018, MEPs rejected proposals to tighten the rules around the General Expenditure Allowance (GEA),[139] which "is a controversial 4,416 per month payment that MEPs are given to cover office and other expenses, but they are not required to provide any evidence of how the money is spent". Closely related to Dutch but has more German influences capital, Malabo ] luxembourg official languages french. Dutch, French and German affiliated with any political party, due to historical developments the... 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National Parliament amendment was ratified on 29 November 2011 he broke off ties with Spain the! Meps did n't manage to get everything they demanded Arubas approach [ 59 ] and directly! Half ( 47 % ) of the language of the official designation a.

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