utility patent vs design patent vs plant patent

It may also use a solar tracking system to improve the system's overall performance and include an integrated battery. Commissions do not affect our editors' opinions or evaluations. Your patent application has been fully reviewed and your invention has been given the green light for patenting. According toThe U.S. Chamber of Commerces Global Innovation Policy Center: IP-intensive industries employ over 45 million Americans and hundreds of millions of other people worldwide. 3. Concentrating solar power plants with wet-cooling systems have the highest water-consumption intensities of any conventional type of electric power plant; only fossil-fuel plants with carbon-capture and storage may have higher water intensities. Implication onto electricity bill management and energy investment. Photovoltaic cell electrical output is extremely sensitive to shading ("Christmas light effect"). A trademark (also written trade mark or trade-mark) is a type of intellectual property consisting of a recognizable sign, design, or expression that identifies products or services from a particular source and distinguishes them from others. [51] [93] Because of cost concerns Spain has halted acceptance of new projects for the feed-in-tariff on 27 January 2012 [94][95] Already accepted projects were affected by a 6% "solar-tax" on feed-in-tariffs, effectively reducing the feed-in-tariff.[96]. [1]:1720 About 70 percent of all solar cells and modules are produced in China and Taiwan, only 5 percent by European and US-manufacturers. 0.5V), several cells are wired (also see copper used in PV systems) in series in the manufacture of a "laminate". In larger systems (e.g. Dominate the market through objectivity with data-backed product development. Biogas is also used. Monitoring tools can be dedicated to supervision only or offer additional functions. Overall, energy investment is largely an economic decision and investment decisions are based on systematical evaluation of options in operational improvement, energy efficiency, onsite generation and energy storage. n Plasticrelated chemicals impact wildlife by entering niche environments and spreading through different species and food chains. The notice of allowance is an official written notification from the USPTO that your trademark survived the opposition period after publication in the Official Gazette and has been allowed. However, standalone or off-grid systems take a special place. Official City of Calgary local government Twitter account. The empty string is the special case where the sequence has length zero, so there are no symbols in the string. Pay maintenance fees and learn more about filing fees and other payments. Pitch clientsand win themwith our guidebook for patent attorneys. In exceptionally irradiated locations, or when thin-film technology is used, the so-called energy payback time decreases to one year or less. Few CSP plants in China have reached a tariff of US$ 50 per MWh in the year 2021. Expand your Outlook. P.O. In this case, the function is the same, but the appearance is what is protected. In this case, the function is the same, but the appearance is what is protected. Check application status. [142][143] Some of the claims may have been overstated or exaggerated. Copyright Office to make your copyright claim public record. [115] Large utility-scale solar parks or farms are power stations and capable of providing an energy supply to large numbers of consumers. Unearth the latest industry insights to stay ahead of the game. the efficiency of converting the mechanical energy into electrical power. Copyright 2022 InQuartik Corporation. Also, regional editions of the newspaper sometimes printed different versions of an article. Modules may then be strung together into a photovoltaic array. [35] The array rating consists of a summation of the panel ratings, in watts, kilowatts, or megawatts. Theoretical efficiencies aside, real-world experience of CSP reveals a 25%60% shortfall in projected production, a good part of which is due to the practical Carnot cycle losses not included in the above analysis. s ", "CSP EOR developer cuts costs on 1GW Oman Concentrated Solar Power project", "How CSP's Thermal Energy Storage Works - SolarPACES", "Concentrating Solar Power Isn't Viable Without Storage, Say Experts", "How Solar Peaker Plants Could Replace Gas Peakers", "Aurora: What you should know about Port Augusta's solar power-tower", "2018, the year in which the Concentrated Solar Power returned to shine", "Controllable solar power competitively priced for the first time in North Africa", "Morocco Breaks New Record with 800 MW Midelt 1 CSP-PV at 7 Cents", "Morocco Pioneers PV with Thermal Storage at 800 MW Midelt CSP Project", "247Solar and Masen Ink Agreement for First Operational Next Generation Concentrated Solar Power Plant", "247Solar modular & scalable concentrated solar power tech to be marketed to mining by ROST", "Capex of modular Concentrated Solar Power plants could halve if 1 GW deployed", "Tibet's first solar district heating plant", "Is It Time For The Solar Industry To Look In The Mirror? Copyright Office, and registration is required to pursue any legal action in a federal court. Formal theory. [60] Thus solar energy which is available in daylight only is used to generate electricity round the clock on demand as a load following power plant or solar peaker plant. Receiving a patent ensures youll have the opportunity to profit from your hard work. [74] Pricing trends affect the balance between adding more stationary solar panels versus having fewer panels that track. Heat from the sun can be used to provide steam used to make heavy oil less viscous and easier to pump. Also, it cannot be a tuber-propagated plant or a plant that is still uncultivated. Now, lets better understand the benefits IP delivers and how we should value the different protection types of intellectual property rights. CPV/CSP system is a proposed novel solar hybrid system, combining concentrator photovoltaics with the non-PV technology of. Innovations can take years to create and are often expensive. Notice of Allowance is a document sent to patent applicant by the United States Patent and Trademark Office after a patent examiner issued the requested patent. For further details, please see the Plant Patent Application Guide. A trademark (also written trade mark or trade-mark) is a type of intellectual property consisting of a recognizable sign, design, or expression that identifies products or services from a particular source and distinguishes them from others. {\displaystyle I} [86], Photovoltaic systems need to be monitored to detect breakdown and optimize operation. Plant Find out how to protect intellectual property in other countries. of the incident solar radiation into mechanical work depends on the thermal radiation properties of the solar receiver and on the heat engine (e.g. Furthermore, as storage devices for PV systems are stationary, the lower energy and power density and therefore higher weight of lead-acid batteries are not as critical as, for example, in electric transportation[9]:4,9 Other rechargeable batteries considered for distributed PV systems include sodiumsulfur and vanadium redox batteries, two prominent types of a molten salt and a flow battery, respectively. o The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Performance". Compared to the other types, lead-acid batteries have a shorter lifetime and lower energy density. For further details, please see the Plant Patent Application Guide. Business success hinges on ideas. Instead, it only covers tangible forms of creations and original workfor example, art, music, architectural drawings, or even software codes. The reflector follows the sun during the daylight hours by tracking along a single axis. Given that you have six months from the notice of allowance's mailing date to file your statement of use or extension, you should proceed immediately after receiving the notice of allowance. Systems designed to deliver alternating current (AC), such as grid-connected applications need an inverter to convert the direct current (DC) from the solar modules to AC. A charge controller may be incorporated in the system to avoid battery damage by excessive charging or discharging. While cost reductions for state-owned utilities can be significant, the study also identified economic benefits to be insignificant or even negative for non-public utilities, such as independent power producers. These include the rights to: Reproduce the work (like a musician at a concert). For example, if you create new and unique jewelry you can patent the look by filing for a design patent. If you don't file your extension request or statement of use on time, the application is no longer pending and you lose the trademark. Pellworm island in Germany and Kythnos island in Greece are notable examples (both are combined with wind). Optionally, a balance of system may include any or all of the following: renewable energy credit revenue-grade meter, maximum power point tracker (MPPT), battery system and charger, GPS solar tracker, energy management software, solar irradiance sensors, anemometer, or task-specific accessories designed to meet specialized requirements for a system owner. This cookie is installed by Google Analytics. It also depends on the path of the sun relative to the panel and the horizon. All Rights Reserved, The Importance of Intellectual Property Rights, The U.S. Chamber of Commerces Global Innovation Policy Center, this one about what can or cant be patented, Dexcom vs. Abbott: Patent Analysis Shows Both Sides Have More Patents That Might Be Used Against Each Other, Ericsson vs. Apple Follow-up (Part 3) Getting a Glimpse of the PTAB Petitions Apple Launched Against Ericsson. Access to the Internet has allowed a further improvement in energy monitoring and communication. Post your copyright or patent request on the UpCounsel Marketplace to get started. e represents the fraction of incident light concentrated onto the receiver, Box 1450. Intellectual property rights increase the incentives for individuals to continue to produce things that further create job opportunities and new technologies while enabling our world to improve and evolve even faster. ", "CSP Doesn't Compete With PV it Competes with Gas", "Concentrated Solar Power Costs Fell 46% From 20102018", "UAE's push on concentrated solar power should open eyes across world", "Concentrated Solar Power Dropped 50% in Six Months", "ACWA Power scales up tower-trough design to set record-low CSP price", "SolarReserve Bids CSP Under 5 Cents in Chilean Auction", "SolarReserve Bids 24-Hour Solar At 6.3 Cents In Chile", "Ivanpah Solar Project Faces Risk of Default on PG&E Contracts", "eSolar Sierra SunTower: a History of Concentrating Solar Power Underperformance | GUNTHER Portfolio", "Why Concentrating Solar Power Needs Storage to Survive", "Linear-focusing Concentrator Facilities: DCS, DISS, EUROTROUGH and LS3", "Chevron Uses Solar-Thermal Steam to Extract Oil in California", "Three solar modules of world's first commercial beam-down tower Concentrated Solar Power project to be connected to grid", "Ivanpah - World's Largest Solar Plant in California Desert", Ausra's Compact Linear Fresnel Reflector (CLFR) and Lower Temperature Approach, Sandia, Stirling Energy Systems set new world record for solar-to-grid conversion efficiency, "Could this be the world's most efficient solar electricity system? e The two main types of patents that are issued by the USPTO (United States Patent and Trademark Office) are utility patents and design patents. However, for sites with peak demand charge in place, PV may be less attractive if peak demands mostly occur in the late afternoon to early evening, for example residential communities. Concentrated-solar technology systems use mirrors or lenses with tracking systems to focus a large area of sunlight onto a small area. Share it with your network! The term "solar system" is also an often used misnomer for a PV system. It is also used as a measurement of performance of a vehicle as a whole, with Utility patents last for 20 years from the date you filed your patent application; Design Patents. Expand your Outlook. Not only can you protect something that you create, but you can also protect the process to create it. Normally, photovoltaic modules have a 25-year warranty. (For example, a new bicycle design that's easier to pedal). Box 1450. You'll also receive an Issue Notification after all fees are paid and processed. The efficiency of a concentrating solar power system will depend on the technology used to convert the solar power to electrical energy, the operating temperature of the receiver and the heat rejection, thermal losses in the system, and the presence or absence of other system losses; in addition to the conversion efficiency, the optical system which concentrates the sunlight will also add additional losses. Dedicated systems are available from a number of vendors. Failing to send your statement of use or an extension request within the three-month period after the Notice of Allowance results in your patent application becoming void, which is also called "abandoned." under cloud or fog), tracking has little or no value. The plant was able to produce 1MW with superheated steam at 100 bar and 500C. Registration creates a public record of your trademark ownership and it allows you to use the symbol, helping establish legitimacy and trust with your customers and ward off counterfeiters. [22][23], A legend has it that Archimedes used a "burning glass" to concentrate sunlight on the invading Roman fleet and repel them from Syracuse. Dish Stirling systems, operating at temperatures of 550-750C, claim an efficiency of about 30%. Ease-of-replacement concerns. Before you start the process, it is important to learn about the differences between a trademark, copyright and patent. Find the latest business news on Wall Street, jobs and the economy, the housing market, personal finance and money investments and much more on ABC News Office of Electronic Information Products Prior to the end of an application period, the market caps specified for each system type are published on the website of the Ministry of Industry, Tourism and Trade (art. "High-Tech Solar Projects Fail to Deliver", https://www.solarpaces.org/in-south-africa-and-spain-csp-is-meeting-or-exceeding-projected-operation-targets/, "CSP is the Most Efficient Renewable to Split Water for Hydrogen", "Desert solar to fuel centuries of air travel", "The Sahara: a solar battery for Europe? You may refer to our Privacy and Cookie Policy for more details. [43], The design encapsulates the solar thermal system within a greenhouse-like glasshouse. Although still expensive, PV systems increasingly use rechargeable batteries to store a surplus to be later used at night. Due to the success of Solar Two, a commercial power plant, called Solar Tres Power Tower, was built in Spain in 2011, later renamed Gemasolar Thermosolar Plant. Since the reverse voltage of a shaded cell is much greater than the forward voltage of an illuminated cell, one shaded cell can absorb the power of many other cells in the string, disproportionately affecting panel output. Electricity is generated when the concentrated light is converted to heat (solar thermal energy), which drives a heat engine (usually a steam turbine) connected to an e As the applicant, you then have six months to use the trademark commercially and submit a statement of use or request a six-month extension. The famous Californian 2020 duck curve appears very often for a lot of communities from 2015 onwards. Anything that has a "" next to it is protected by copyright. There is, however, a growing trend towards bigger utility-scale power plants, especially in the "sunbelt" region of the planet. This theory was reconfirmed with numerical simulations using per second solar flux data to determine that the necessary battery backup to provide for such a hybrid system is possible with relatively small and inexpensive battery systems. [12] The levelised cost of electricity from large-scale PV systems has become competitive with conventional electricity sources in an expanding list of geographic regions, and grid parity has been achieved in about 30 countries. Are you sure you want to rest your choices? [34] As such, it is increasingly seen as competing with natural gas and PV with batteries for flexible, dispatchable power. I [83], As early as 2011, the rapid decline of the price of photovoltaic systems lead to projections that CSP will no longer be economically viable. [111] The primary benefit of such a system is that it avoids the need to sacrifice valuable land area that could be used for another purpose. In 2022 the 700MW CSP 4th phase of the 5GW Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum Solar Park in Dubai will become the largest solar complex featuring CSP. A copyright protects literary, musical, and other artistic works, whether it's published or not. [75]:51 In 2013, worldwide installed capacity increased by 36% or nearly 0.9 gigawatt (GW) to more than 3.4GW. On the contrary, the receiver's efficiency is decreasing, as the amount of energy it cannot absorb (Qlost) grows by the fourth power as a function of temperature. It contains the domain, viewCount (increments each pageView in a session), and session start timestamp. Design Patent: this is for remodels from the design of a particular existing product. s [112] Another benefit of a floatovoltaic system is that the panels are kept at a cooler temperature than they would be on land, leading to a higher efficiency of solar energy conversion. [78] The number of modules in the system determines the total DC watts capable of being generated by the solar array; however, the inverter ultimately governs the amount of AC watts that can be distributed for consumption. [92] Office of Electronic Information Products h [38], The temperature effect on photovoltaic modules is usually quantified by means of some coefficients relating the variations of the opencircuit voltage, of the shortcircuit current, and of the maximum power to temperature changes. Here are the three different options for small businesses when they're choosing patents: Utility Patent: this is for new inventions for machines or manufacturers or for an improvement on a previous invention. p C Another promising application for CSP in Australia are mines that need 24/7 electricity but often have no grid connection. The difference between the "protection of an article via a utility patent" and the "protection of an article via a design patent" is that a utility patent protects the way an article is used and works, while a design patent protects the way an article looks. Some large photovoltaic power stations such as Solar Star, Waldpolenz Solar Park and Topaz Solar Farm cover tens or hundreds of hectares and have power outputs up to hundreds of megawatts. United States Design Patent Law and European Design Protection: An Introduction. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. A stand-alone or off-grid system is not connected to the electrical grid. Should you spring clean your solar panels? This optimal module tilt angle is not necessarily identical to the tilt angle for maximum annual array energy output. Copyright does not protect ideas. A trademark (also written trade mark or trade-mark) is a type of intellectual property consisting of a recognizable sign, design, or expression that identifies products or services from a particular source and distinguishes them from others. Also, regional editions of the newspaper sometimes printed different versions of an article. Unlike utility patents, design patents have a 15-year term. Pay maintenance fees and learn more about filing fees and other payments. Amid rising prices and economic uncertaintyas well as deep partisan divisions over social and political issuesCalifornians are processing a great deal of information to help them choose state constitutional officers and In addition, later work has shown that spectral effects can play a role in optimal photovoltaic material selection. All ratings are determined solely by our editorial team. From the Editor in Chief (interim), Subhash Banerjee, MD. 2014 was the best year for CSP but was followed by a rapid decline with only one major plant completed in the world in 2016. [68] Special anti-reflective coatings can improve solar panel efficiency for direct and angled light, somewhat reducing the benefit of tracking. Follow her on Twitter at @ellenychang and Instagram at @ellenyinchang. We've developed a suite of premium Outlook features for people with advanced email and calendar needs. Patent Trial & Appeal Board In 2007, the US Congress directed the Department of Energy to report on ways to reduce water consumption by CSP. A trademark is a distinctive sign that allows consumers to identify the particular goods or services a company provides easily. Not monitored 24/7. e Science Melting arctic ice explored in documentary This year has been one for the books when it comes to climate extremes. t C Although simple, these solar concentrators are quite far from the theoretical maximum concentration. Can you describe the problem? Photovoltaic power systems and components: 0.04 per watt-peak. This cookie is passed to Hubspot on form submission and used when deduplicating contacts. r The glasshouse creates a protected environment to withstand the elements that can negatively impact reliability and efficiency of the solar thermal system. [7]:14. [45] Water is carried throughout the length of the pipe, which is boiled to generate steam when intense solar radiation is applied. Some examples include McDonalds golden arch, the Facebook logo, and so on. Both technologies favor locations that receive much sunlight and directly compete with each other. For example, if you create new and unique jewelry you can patent the look by filing for a design patent. This leads many software companies to apply for protection on both sides to keep their competitors away. [25][26][27][28] The first solar-power system using a mirror dish was built by Dr. R.H. Goddard, who was already well known for his research on liquid-fueled rockets and wrote an article in 1929 in which he asserted that all the previous obstacles had been addressed.[29]. Photovoltaic system costs have been declining and in Germany, for example, were reported to have fallen to USD 1389/kWp by the end of 2014. What's Included in a Notice of Allowance? We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. A computer system is a "complete" computer that includes the hardware, c applying the StefanBoltzmann law yields: Simplifying these equations by considering perfect optics ( However, it doesn't mean the trademark is registered yet. Researchers are investigating solar thermal reactors for the production of solar fuels, making solar a fully transportable form of energy in the future. The panels have a special coating to prevent rust or corrosion. This term is synonymous with "Balance of plant" q.v. c As long as the paperwork is filed and approved by the copyright office, the owners can claim copyright even if they don't have a "" on their work. Siemens AG (Berlin and Munich) is a global technology powerhouse that has stood for engineering excellence, innovation, quality, reliability and internationality for more than 170 years.Active around the world, the company focuses on intelligent infrastructure for buildings and distributed energy systems and on automation and digitalization in the process and Utility patents and design patents differ because utility patents cover unique ideas or inventions, but design patents are for new designs of existing products. For example, a box of tissues might have a patent on the tissues themselves along with the resealable top. e a When the receiver efficiency is null (blue curve on the figure below), Tmax is: [139][140][141], Some media sources have reported that concentrated solar power plants have injured or killed large numbers of birds due to intense heat from the concentrated sunrays. [32][33] However, increasingly, CSP was being bid with 3 to 12 hours of thermal energy storage, making CSP a dispatchable form of solar energy. {\displaystyle \eta _{\mathrm {receiver} }} The purpose of the cookie is to keep track of sessions. A rooftop system recoups the invested energy for its manufacturing and installation within 0.7 to 2 years and produces about 95 percent of net clean renewable energy over a 30-year service lifetime. No. In that role, he was responsible for writing, editing, and strategizing content geared toward small business owners. [9][10] A typical residential solar array is rack-mounted on the roof, rather than integrated into the roof or facade of the building, which is significantly more expensive. Copyright Office at the Library of Congress while the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office will grant patents and register trademarks. Was this document helpful? This information includes the patent's description, design, drawings, or blueprints.

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