copenhagen summit 2009 pdf

REPORT OF THE AWG-LCA: This issue was scheduled to be taken up by the COP plenary on Wednesday, 16 December. Rasmussen said the contact groups should decide on the schedule and that he would not define a clear deadline. He noted discussions on the concept of long-term goals on finance, technology and adaptation, in addition to the long-term global goal on emission reductions. The move was intended as a protest against only AWG-LCA issues being taken up during informal ministerial discussions. MALTAS PROPOSAL TO AMEND CONVENTION ANNEX I: This issue was first taken up by the COP plenary on Wednesday, 9 December when Malta outlined its proposal to join Annex I (FCCC/CP/2009/2), noting that by joining the EU in 2004 it has taken on responsibilities in line with those of Annex I parties. Most media reports alluded to a deal crafted by a small number of countries. Six years ago, as the world headed into the Copenhagen 2009 climate conference, only a quarter of the world's greenhouse-gas emissions were covered by commitments to peak and then lower emissions. The SBSTA forwarded a draft conclusion for consideration by the COP on appreciation for the WMO and its partner organizations for the decision to establish a Global Framework for Climate Services. Andrej Kranjc (Slovenia) was elected as the Rapporteur. She called on countries to take big steps and commit to delivering a deal, reminding delegates that we are accountable for what we do, but also for what we fail to do.. Several parties encouraged the CDM EB to continue improving efficiency, transparency and consistency of its decision-making. He said the AWG-KP process allows for comprehensive consideration of issues raised by the amendment proposals and underlined that a decision on Protocol amendments must be taken in the context of an overall agreement. Bangladesh, for the LDCs, said drafting groups could report back in the morning and issues could then be forwarded to the political level. The Copenhagen Accord for limiting global warming: Criteria When a possible organizational structure was considered, several parties expressed concern that the administrative layers envisaged, comprising the COP, a high-level body or executive body, the funds and funding windows, which they said could prove to be burdensome and bureaucratic. According to China and India, since the Montreal Protocol is an entirely different process, it is not appropriate to give instructions to its parties. On common metrics, the draft decision provides options on the methodologies for calculating global warming potential of various gases. He suggested accepting the reality and asked that a procedural solution be found to move forward. The LDC Expert Group (LEG) reported on its work (FCCC/SBI/2009/13). The COP/MOP was suspended to allow for informal consultations on this issue, and upon being reconvened, the Secretariat announced that the text would remain unchanged. 0000001794 00000 n China and many others noted an interest in a land-based approach, but not for the second commitment period. Grenada, for AOSIS, proposed inserting a preamble recognizing that developed countries shall achieve their QELROs primarily through domestic efforts. SBI Conclusions: In its conclusions (FCCC/SBI/2009/L.26) the SBI: CAPACITY BUILDING (CONVENTION): This agenda item (FCCC/SBI/2009/4-5 and MISCs.1-2) was first considered by the SBI in plenary on 8 December, when Chair Bratasida reported on agreement to defer consideration of the agenda item to SBI 32. They also agree that developed countries shall provide adequate, predictable and sustainable financial resources, technology and capacity building to support adaptation actions; provides that Annex I parties commit to implement, individually or jointly, quantified economy-wide emission targets for 2020, to be submitted in the format given in Appendix I to the Secretariat by 31 January 2010 for compilation in an INF document. The Secretariat replied that reference to the document number had been for clarity and was not part of the decision text. fmF]! The outcome was a series of non-papers, forwarded to Copenhagen as an annex to the meeting report (FCCC/AWGLCA/2009/14). On LULUCF, Co-Facilitator Rocha highlighted that many parties preferred not to adopt a land-based approach at this time. On 18 December, the COP also took note of SBI conclusions on: the Special Climate Change Fund (FCCC/SBI/2009/L.31); Annex I national communications (FCCC/SBI/2009/L.26); technology transfer (FCCC/SBI/2009/L.18), Buenos Aires Programme of Work on Adaptation and Response Measures (decision 1/CP.10) (FCCC/SBI/2009/L.28); and LDCs (FCCC/SBI/2009/L.27). During AWG-KP 9, discussions continued on all issues in the AWG-KPs work programme. COP/MOP Decision: In its decision (FCCC/KP/CMP/2009/L.2), the COP/MOP, inter alia: endorses the decision of the AFB to accept the offer of Germany to confer legal capacity on the AFB and invites Germany to take the necessary measures in this regard; decides that the Chair and Vice-Chair of the AFB shall jointly serve as legal representatives of the Board; and adopts the amendments to the rules of procedure. On capacity building, South Africa stressed that this issue is important for developing countries and highlighted that it would be difficult to discuss capacity building for developed countries in text concerning developing countries. She said a political outcome was inadequate and that AOSIS would have to consider our options if a legally-binding outcome is not achieved. Copenhagen Democracy Summit 2022 9 June 2022 - 10 June 2022 01:00 - 23:45 Virtual Event | Organised by Alliance of Democracies Foundation | Held in Copenhagen in English Contact details: info@allianceofdemocracies.org Defending against authoritarianism Register here New Zealand noted that extension of the share of proceeds would require a Protocol amendment rather than just a COP/MOP decision. 5 0 obj a shared vision, facilitated by Sandea de Wet (South Africa); finance, co-facilitated by Farrukh Khan (Pakistan) and Jukka Uosukainen (Finland); technology, co-facilitated by Kishan Kumarsingh (Trinidad and Tobago) and Kunihiko Shimada (Japan); capacity building, co-facilitated by Lilian Portillo (Paraguay) and Georg Brsting (Norway); and. South Africa, for the G-77/China, highlighted that the text would benefit from further technical work and that some core issues in the AWG-KP will require consultations at the political level. METHODOLOGICAL ISSUES UNDER THE PROTOCOL: HCFC-22/HFC-23: This issue was first considered by the SBSTA plenary on 8 December. He stressed that if unable to reach consensus, the COP/MOP may take a decision by a three-quarters majority of parties present and voting. COP Vice-President Figueres Olsen clarified that the COP President is consulting on how to conduct consultations and noted that it had been an extraordinary day and that the road forward was not clear. Questions concerning transparency and process played out during the meeting. Switzerland supported the GEFs role as the operating entity of the financial mechanism and as a catalyst for leveraging finance, noting that it was crucial to improve performance. (PDF) Inside UN Climate Change Negotiations: The Copenhagen Conference Some also felt that what many media reports seemed to be missing is that while it is very true that many countries developed and developing ones alike had serious misgivings about the substance of the Accord, the vast majority considered the negotiating process adequately representative and supported the formal adoption of the Copenhagen Accord. On REDD-plus, Co-Facilitator Graham highlighted outstanding issues relating to financing, relationship to NAMAs and MRV of action and support. significantly improve transparency, consistency and impartiality in its work; take fully into account, in its work and that of its support structure, host country laws, regulations, policies, standards and guidelines; consolidate, clarify and revise, as appropriate, its guidance on the treatment of national policies; recommend terms of reference for membership of the Board that clarify the desired set of skills and expertise, as well as the expected time commitment required of members and alternates, for consideration at COP/MOP 6; establish, following consultations with stakeholders, procedures for considering appeals in relation to situations where a Designated Operational Entity may not have performed its duties in accordance with COP/MOP and/or Executive Board rules or requirements, or rulings taken by or under the authority of the Executive Board; develop top-down methodologies that are particularly suited for application in countries with fewer than ten CDM projects, and introduce a requirement that Designated Operational Entities indicate in their annual activity reports, the work they are undertaking on projects originated in these countries; and. Introduction In anticipation of the United Nations climate change conference in Copenhagen this past December, The Economist postulated that, climate change is the hardest political problem the world has ever had to deal with (The Economist, 2009).The global politics of climate change On the inclusion of new greenhouse gases, some parties advocated adding new gases or species of gases, while others emphasized that amendment of the Protocol to include new gases was beyond the scope of the groups mandate. Cuba, for the Bolivarian Alliance for the Peoples of Our America (ALBA), consisting of Antigua and Barbuda, Bolivia, Cuba, Dominica, Ecuador, Nicaragua, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, and Venezuela, called for developed countries to honor their climate debt and rejected attempts to transfer responsibilities to developing countries. The EU opposed limiting issues for further consideration, identifying the need to reflect all proposals. ORGANIZATIONAL MATTERS: On 7 December, parties adopted the agenda (FCCC/CP/2009/1 and Add.1). Australia emphasized that her country needs more than a Protocol amendment from Copenhagen. Developed countries also commit to a goal of jointly mobilizing US$100 billion a year by 2020 to address the needs of developing countries, with funding coming from a wide variety of sources; establishes a high-level panel under the guidance of, and accountable to, the COP to study the contribution of the potential sources of revenue, including alternative sources of finance, towards meeting this goal; decides that the Copenhagen Green Climate Fund shall be established as an operating entity of the financial mechanism of the Convention to support projects, programmes, policies and other activities in developing countries related to mitigation including REDD-plus, adaptation, capacity building, technology development and transfer; decides to establish a Technology Mechanism to accelerate technology development and transfer in support of adaptation and mitigation that will be guided by a country-driven approach and be based on national circumstances and priorities; calls for an assessment of the implementation of this Accord to be completed by 2015. He also highlighted the need for additional contributions to the Fund though JI credits. A webcast of the statements is available online at http://www9.cop15.meta-fusion.com/kongresse/cop15/templ/intro.php?id_kongressmain=1&theme=unfccc, In the morning of 18 December, an informal high-level event was convened by the Prime Minister of Denmark, COP President Rasmussen. The COP also adopted a resolution expressing gratitude to the host country (FCCC/CP/2009/L.4 and FCCC/KP/CMP/2009/L.5). He called for targets to limit temperature increase to 1.5C and keep greenhouse gas concentrations below 350 ppm. Summary report 7-19 December 2009 - IISD Earth Negotiations Bulletin Parties adopted conclusions in the SBSTA closing plenary on Saturday, 12 December. He emphasized that Copenhagen would be successful only if it delivered significant and immediate action beginning the day the conference concludes. SBI Conclusions: In its conclusions (FCCC/SBI/2009/L.27) the SBI, inter alia: TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER: This issue (FCCC/SB/2009/4 and Summary, INF.6, and FCCC/SBI/2009/14) was first taken up by the SBI in plenary on 8 December. Brazil sought clarification on the texts proposed by the Danish COP Presidency, questioning why they were presented when the COP plenary had not convened to consider the AWG-LCAs report. stream On the way forward, COP/MOP President Hedegaard noted that many countries had supported establishing a contact group while many others preferred focusing on the AWG-KP. However, progress was reported on cooperative sectoral approaches in the agricultural sector and technology transfer. As a result of informal consultations facilitated by UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon early on Saturday morning, COP 15 agreed to take note of the Copenhagen Accord and establish a procedure without precedent under the UNFCCC for countries willing to do so to register their support for the Accord and submit their targets by 31 January 2010. Costa Rica spoke for countries belonging to the Central American Integration System, consisting of Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama and the Dominican Republic. The remaining 187 were handed a fait accompli , which some accepted and others denounced. On reference levels, parties focused discussions on whether and how to include national and/or sub-national reference levels. The Republic of Korea expressed willingness to host COP 18 and COP/MOP 8 in 2012. Ultimately, the arrival of 115 Heads of State and Government in Copenhagen changed the dynamics and routine of the negotiations. The decision includes options on: tables to replace the table in Annex B of the Kyoto Protocol; aggregate and individual emission reductions; AAUs; and length and number of commitment periods. The current situation effectively means that high-level negotiations will need to start from scratch.. Parties met in formal discussions working through documents FCCC/SBSTA/2009/L.10 and FCCC/SBI/2009/L.11 to consolidate options and streamline the text in Annex III. Parties exchanged views on draft conclusions on response measures and reduced options on other topics including trade and whether a forum is needed. Draft decisions forwarded to the COP and subsequent actions are summarized under the relevant COP agenda items. COP President Rasmussen proposed forwarding the texts for consideration by a contact group chaired by the COP Presidents Special Representative Hedegaard. China noted that the Chair had not mentioned the issue of extending the share of proceeds levy to JI, as raised by parties in plenary. Nicaragua requested that: the Copenhagen Accord be treated as a submission from those parties who negotiated it and issued as a miscellaneous (MISC) document; the COP and COP/MOP be suspended rather than concluded so that the AWGs original mandates could continue; and a decision be taken to mandate inclusive and transparent consultations, as appropriate by the host country of the next session. Indonesia, Norway, Australia, the EU and others also supported that the COP facilitate implementation of the Copenhagen Accord under Convention Article 7.2(c). During the first meeting of the contact group, Chair Hedegaard explained that the contact groups mandate is to prepare the outcomes of Copenhagen emerging from the Protocol negotiating track and that the work of the group would be based on the text forwarded by the AWG-KP to the COP/MOP. He objected to issuing it as a MISC document, because it was negotiated by his Head of State. The Maldives expressed support for the document, while noting his reservation to certain elements contained in it, such as the failure to agree to limit temperature increase to below 1.5C. Uganda supported monitoring and evaluation of implementing agencies. On form of the decision, New Zealand, supported by the EU, but opposed by the G-77/China, expressed preference for adopting conclusions rather than a decision. This would include consideration of strengthening the long-term goal referencing various matters presented by the science, including in relation to temperature rises of 1.5C. It will be the fourth global ministerial level conference on renewable energy, and will consist of a ministerial meeting, business-to-business and business-to-government meetings, side events and a trade show and exhibition. The EU called for specifying terms of reference for EB members concerning conflicts of interest and opposed the inclusion of reforestation of lands with forests in exhaustion and said forest management should be addressed under REDD-plus. He said no input had been provided from informal ministerial consultations to those parts of the core COP decision where placeholders had been inserted and that paragraphs from the earlier version had therefore been reinserted. By using our site, you agree to our collection of information through the use of cookies. 3 0 obj <> The Maldives stated that his country was one of those most at risk and pleaded for our developing country friends to keep the document alive. Sweden, for the EU, expressed support for the Maldives, noting that the draft decision was a compromise. 0000014732 00000 n On 18 December, the high-level segment heard statements from observer organizations. OTHER MATTERS REFERRED TO THE COP BY SUBSIDIARY BODIES: In its closing plenary on 18 December, the COP adopted the draft conclusions as contained in the recommendations by the SBSTA (FCCC/SBSTA/2009/L.16/Add.1), where it expresses appreciation for the decision by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) and its partner organizations for establishing a Global Framework for Climate Services. Sudan and Bolivia stressed the need for transparency and sought clarification on the establishment of a smaller group. COP President Hedegaard stated that the political will to address climate change has never been stronger and said if we miss this chance, it may take years to get the next one. She emphasized the need for progress during the first week, highlighting that leaders are expecting to adopt a global agreement in 11 days. Hedegaard confirmed that a facilitator was being sought for the group on response measures. Early in 2009, UNFCCC Executive Secretary Yvo de Boer identified what he saw as the key deliverables for Copenhagen, namely agreement on: ambitious mid-term emission reductions by developed countries; clarity on mitigation actions by major developing countries; short- and long-term finance; and governance structures. Parties could not agree to extend CDM eligibility to CCS, but recognized its importance and requested the SBSTA to continue to work on its possible inclusion in the CDM. On 18 December, parties elected officers other than the President. A Copenhagen Climate Agreement - Center for Climate and Energy With Mali, Rwanda, Antigua and Barbuda and Timor-Leste, she opposed the co-financing requirement, which she said is particularly burdensome for LDCs. Many NGO representatives were angry, arguing that their exclusion from the negotiations at such a critical moment was not good for the outcome: How can we keep up the pressure when we do not know what is going on and are not even allowed near the building where these crucial negotiations are taking place? asked one NGO representative during COP President Connie Hedegaards briefing to civil society. <> Uruguay called for the establishment of a drafting group on sectoral approaches in the agriculture sector. UN Framework Convention on Climate Change UNFCCC, Copenhagen Climate Change Conference December 2009, http://www9.cop15.meta-fusion.com/kongresse/cop15/templ/intro.php?id_kongressmain=1&theme=unfccc, http://www2.cop15.meta-fusion.com/kongresse/cop15/templ/play.php?id_kongressmain=1&theme=unfccc&id_kongresssession=2720, http://www.wmo.int/hlt-gfcs/index_en.html, http://www.iied.org/climate-change/key-issues/community-based-adaptation/cba-conference, http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/Events/CIFOR/decentralisation-redd.htm, Alliance of Small Island Developing States, Bolivarian Alliance for the Peoples of our America, various approaches to enhance cost-effectiveness of mitigation actions (. Japan noted that a decision extending the share of proceeds would require a Protocol amendment. The Russian Federation suggested that a compromise proposal should be sought to resolve the issue.

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